![]() It was only in 1949, after the Second World War had ended, that States adopted the four Geneva Conventions, which remain the cornerstone of IHL. As a result, the provisions contained in the Tokyo draft were not applied during the Second World War. ![]() No action was taken on that text, States refusing to convene a diplomatic conference to decide on its adoption. In 1934, the 15th International Conference of the Red Cross met in Tokyo and approved the text of an international convention – drafted by the ICRC – on protection for civilians of enemy nationality on territory belonging to or occupied by a belligerent. ![]() Another convention, relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, was also adopted in 1929. The Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field was adopted in 1864. Photo: Catalina Martin-Chico/ICRC The origins of the 1949 Geneva Conventions
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